\n
Un ferrocarril es un tipo de transporte que se realiza sobre una v\u00eda especialmente dise\u00f1ada para el transporte de pasajeros y mercanc\u00edas en tren.<\/p>\n
A diferencia del transporte por carretera, la direcci\u00f3n de los veh\u00edculos ferroviarios est\u00e1 determinada por las v\u00edas por las que circulan. Las v\u00edas constan de dos carriles de acero paralelos montados sobre traviesas, sobre los que se desplaza el material rodante, normalmente equipado con ruedas met\u00e1licas.
\nEl ferrocarril m\u00e1s antiguo data del siglo VI a. C., cuando los antiguos griegos construyeron un ferrocarril. La definici\u00f3n de los ferrocarriles m\u00e1s antiguos es mucho m\u00e1s sencilla que los que conocemos hoy en d\u00eda. No consist\u00edan necesariamente en rieles de hierro, sino que eran un m\u00e9todo para determinar la direcci\u00f3n de un veh\u00edculo y guiarlo por una v\u00eda de la que no pod\u00eda desviarse.<\/p>\n
Del estrecho istmo que conecta el golfo de Corinto con el golfo Sar\u00f3nico en Grecia se conoce la v\u00eda Diolkos[1], que sirvi\u00f3 para reducir el tiempo de transporte mar\u00edtimo entre ambos golfos. La v\u00eda estaba situada aproximadamente en el mismo lugar que el actual canal de navegaci\u00f3n entre las bah\u00edas. Los barcos pod\u00edan transportarse por tierra a trav\u00e9s de una pista de 6 kil\u00f3metros de longitud formada por dos estrechas ranuras excavadas en la piedra caliza. Los carros eran empujados por esclavos. La pista existi\u00f3 durante 600 a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n
El transporte ferroviario floreci\u00f3 en relaci\u00f3n con el desarrollo ingl\u00e9s de la m\u00e1quina de vapor en los siglos XVIII y XIX. La locomotora de vapor permit\u00eda recorrer distancias m\u00e1s largas que si los vagones tuvieran que ser tirados por caballos o personas. Esta fue una pieza importante en la revoluci\u00f3n industrial.
\nEl ferrocarril es considerado uno de los inventos tecnol\u00f3gicos m\u00e1s importantes de la Europa del siglo XIX. En Dinamarca se utiliza el ancho de v\u00eda de 1.435 mm (tambi\u00e9n llamado ancho est\u00e1ndar). M\u00e1s de 60 % de todos los ferrocarriles del mundo se construyen con este ancho.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Un grupo de trabajadores ferroviarios se toma un descanso del trabajo diario y posa para una fotograf\u00eda.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":2107,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"product_cat":[73,217],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2106","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-plakater","7":"product_cat-arbejderklassen","8":"pa_storrelse-a4-21x30cm","9":"pa_storrelse-a3-30x42cm","10":"pa_storrelse-b2-50x70cm","11":"pa_storrelse-b1-70x100cm","13":"first","14":"instock","15":"taxable","16":"shipping-taxable","17":"purchasable","18":"product-type-variable"},"yoast_head":"\n
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